While conversational French often uses the near future ( aller + infinitive), the futur simple is essential for formal writing, journalism, and expressing definitive future intent.

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Use the imparfait (imperfect) for ongoing past states, weather, time, background descriptions, or habitual actions ("used to").

Used for polite requests, hypothetical situations, or "would" statements. Formula: Infinitive Verb + Imparfait Endings (). Example: Choisir (To choose) Je choisir ais (I would choose) Nous choisir ions (We would choose) 6. The Moods: Imperative and Subjunctive Le Subjonctif (The Subjunctive Mood)

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Je mange une pomme. (I am eating an apple / I eat an apple.) Le Passé Composé (The Past Indefinite)

For completed actions in the past. (Uses avoir or être + a past participle).

These are regular verbs like finir (to finish) or choisir (to choose). They are characterized by the "iss" sound in their plural forms.

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Used to talk about completed actions in the past. It is a compound tense built using a simple formula: . Most verbs use Avoir: J'ai parlé (I spoke).

Here are some common irregular verb conjugations:

Before diving into tenses, you must understand the structural anatomy of a French verb. Every conjugated verb consists of two distinct parts:

Learn the Passé Composé and understand which verbs take Être .

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